I have an update! I did use cold water, so that wasn't the problem. The issue is probably that I added the water to the plaster, and mixed it as I added the water. I also probably over-mixed it or mixed it too fast with the mixer. I tried it again, this time with 4 quarts of water and 11.4 lbs (5176 g) with the water measured out (though I didn't weigh the water), and slowly sifted the plaster into the water. I was worried about it setting too fast again... so i didn't let it sit for long.. probably less than a minute, then gently mixed it by hand. And it worked!
Thanks for the help!