Inclusion Stains.

[yedrow]

Anyone have any tips on using inclusion stains?

 

Joel.

[Marcia Selsor]

This is a reference code for Mason stains from the Big Ceramics Store website. Degussa stains may have a different system for reference coding. For accurate color follow the reference codes. 1. Can be used as a "body stain" in porcelain at high temperatures. All of the brown colors can be used as body stains but will vary in shade considerably depending on the composition of the body and temperature at which it is fired.

 

1a. Use only as "body stain."

 

Firing Temperatures can only be a rough guide. Firing at 2200F on a slow schedule may give the equivalent maturing as firing at 2300F on a fast schedule. The cycle, atmosphere, and rate of cooling with affect the color.

 

2. Max firing limit 2156 degrees F (1180 degrees C)

 

3. Max firing limit 2300 degrees F (1260 degrees C)

 

4. Max firing limit 1976 degrees F (1080 degrees C)

 

Zinc Oxide influences the color in a glaze more than any other element. Generally, zinc-less glazes should not contain magnesium oxide. Some colors containing zinc are to be used in a zinc-less glaze. The zinc in the color is in a combined form and will not harm the color, but free zinc oxide in the glaze can destroy the color.

 

5. Do not use zinc in glaze.

 

6. May be used with zinc or without zinc.

 

7. Zinc not necessary, but gives better results.

 

8. Best results with no zinc.

 

Calcium Oxide content as calcium carbonate should be between 12-15% for best color development. Adding the molecular equivalent of calcium oxide with wollastonite, a natural calcium silicate, often gives better uniformity. The increased silica from the wollastonite must be subtracted or the glaze will have a poor surface.

 

9. Glaze must contain 6.7 to 8.4% CaO (12-15% CaCO3)

 

 

[neilestrick]

I'm assuming you're referring to those that can go to cone 9? I've tested 3 colors- red, yellow and orange, at cone 6, and was not very impressed. The biggest issue is that the stain does not go into the glaze melt like traditional stains do. It's just a bunch of tiny little particles suspended in the glaze. So you have to use more of it to get the color, and the color doesn't have any depth. If anyone else has tips I'd love to hear them, too. I tested the stains in several different glazes, all with the same lackluster results.

[Guest JBaymore]

Remember if you are using the cadmium-bearing ones.... you then still have to comply with the US FDA's laws for testing and recordkeeping and labeling and such.

 

best,

 

....................john

[Chris Campbell]

Don't know how you want to use them but they do a good job of coloring clay bodies.

[Marcia Selsor]

I have used some as body stains, engobe stains and glaze colorants. The colorants I used in the glaze worked well...not floating. Which ones did this?

Marcia

[yedrow]

The material is made by Ferro. It is called, "Bordeaux Red Sanitary Stain." I got it at an auction along with several other materials. I'm just not sure what to do with it and I hate to throw anything away. It came from a mass production shop so I suspect it is safe to use, but I'm not sure it is safe to use by me, lol.

 

I downloaded a pdf from the manufacturer and it is likely a zircon-silica encased cadmium frit (or at least fritish).

 

 

Marcia, I suspect this is both a body stain and a glaze colorant, though I'm clueless as to why someone would use an material that takes such a process for body color.

 

So, unless John calls the law on me, I guess I just mix up a few test batches @~10% and see what happens. And yes John, I'll use a liner glaze.

 

Joel.

[Marcia Selsor]

The material is made by Ferro. It is called, "Bordeaux Red Sanitary Stain." I got it at an auction along with several other materials. I'm just not sure what to do with it and I hate to throw anything away. It came from a mass production shop so I suspect it is safe to use, but I'm not sure it is safe to use by me, lol.

 

I downloaded a pdf from the manufacturer and it is likely a zircon-silica encased cadmium frit (or at least fritish).

 

 

Marcia, I suspect this is both a body stain and a glaze colorant, though I'm clueless as to why someone would use an material that takes such a process for body color.

 

So, unless John calls the law on me, I guess I just mix up a few test batches @~10% and see what happens. And yes John, I'll use a liner glaze.

 

Joel.

 

it could be a designer color for sanitation items like toilets and sinks....designer bathrooms. it may not be safe for food, but fine for tile and toilets.

Do more research and handle with extreme care.

Marcia

[yedrow]

I'm thinking that I would best follow Marcia's advice and ear on the side of caution. I think that now I need a way to get rid of it. I found a pdf with some information about it, but not enough to make me want to fill out the kind of paperwork John mentioned, especially to get the color it suggests you can get.

 

Ferro Inclusion Pigments

 

Joel.

[TJR]

YEDROW;

I AM USING A RED INCLUSION STAIN AT THE MOMENT. I USE IT THE SAME WAY THAT YOU WOULD USE AN ENAMEL, EXCEPT I PAINT IT ON THE UNFIRED STONEWARE glaze[sorry,caps lock was on], as if it were an accent colour like enamel. The beauty is that you don't have a second firing at a lower temp. as with enamels. I will find out the name of it and let you know. I first used inclusion stains at the Archie Bray foundation. They have a number of warm and cool reds, yellows, oranges. Colours difficult to get at stoneware. I wouldn't use them as clay body stains-too expensive.

If it is cadmium locked into a fritt/as in glass, shouldn't it be safe on the outside of a pot?

Tom[TJR]

[yedrow]

Wow, at first I thought you were setting the tone for the brilliant reds you got, heh.

 

The only thing I know about cadmium is from vacuum coaters, in which case it was considered highly toxic. This is supposed to be incapsulated in a zircon-silicon crystal that behaves like zirconia in a glaze melt. But what Neil said sounds like the way one would expect them to perform, i.e. not like a glass but like a suspension of millions of glass specks. Still, that cadmium thing is pretty spooky.

 

Joel.

[Marcia Selsor]

TJR, That sounds very intriguing. Can you show some pics?

Marcia

[dave the potter]

I have been using Inclusion Stains for several years in Raku and low fire slips and glazes(including Bordeaux). They are quite expensive ($25 to $50/lb.) but they allow you to get colors that are otherwise difficult or impossible. In reading the Ferro link above, the company says that cadmium release from inclusion stain is 1,000th or more of what would be released from a glaze using raw cadmium. I have not used them on eating surfaces but would think since Ferro has several recommended for dinnerware that they should be safe. I called Ferro several years ago about another matter and found their customer service dept. to be friendly and helpful.

[Guest JBaymore]

If it is cadmium locked into a fritt/as in glass, shouldn't it be safe on the outside of a pot?

 

Intuitive "potter sense" says it should be .... but you do not know this unless you have it lab tested. And the US FDA laws says if it is in the glaze and the work can in any possible way be used by any consumer for holding food or drink (even if the piece is not intended for that purpose) you HAVE to perform the testing and maintain the records of that testing. The law does not exempt the "encapsulated" cadmium containing products.

 

Do some research.... cadmium compounds are REALLY toxic materials.

 

Some Quick References:

 

http://www.fda.gov/S...72150.htm#6_1_2

 

http://www.cookware...._compliance.php

 

 

http://www.fda.gov/I...l/ucm074515.htm

 

 

best,

 

.......................john